Analysis and Design of Slabs “One Way”

Analysis and Design of Slabs “One Way”

Slabs

  • In reinforced concrete construction, slabs are used to flat, useful surfaces..
  • A reinforced slab is a broad, flat plate, usually horizontal, with top and bottom surfaces parallel or nearly so. Analysis and Design of Slabs
  • It may be supported by reinforced concrete beams (and is usually cast monolithically with such beams), by masonry or by reinforced concrete walls, by steel structural members, directly by columns, or continuously by ground.

One-Way Slab

“The slab which resists the entire/major part of applied load by bending only in one direction”

  • If slab is supported on all four sides and R = (Shorter side / Longer side) < 0.5 it behaves as one-way slab. Analysis and Design of Slabs
  • Slabs having supports on less than four sides can be designed as one-way.
  • Two edge supported slab is always one-way.
  • Cantilever slab is always one-way.
  • Main steel is only provided parallel to span
  • One-way slab is designed as singly reinforced rectangular section.
  • h(min) for the slab is different compared with the beams.

Analysis and Design of Slabs

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L = Effective Span
Lesser of the following:
L= Ln + h/2 + h/2
= Ln + h
h = depth of slab and
L = c/c distance between supports.

Examples of One-Way Slab

  • Shades in the roofing system (cantilever)
  • Slab of stairs
  • Cantilever retaining walls
  • Footings Analysis and Design of Slabs

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Bar Spacing Cover For Slabs

  1. 3 x h               (local practice is 2 x h)
  2. 450 mm         (local practice is 300 mm)
  3. (158300/fy) -2.5Cc
  4. 12600/fy

Cc = Clear Cover
Analysis and Design of Slabs

Distribution, Temperature & Shrinkage Steel for Slabs (ACI-318-7.12)

  • Shrinkage and temperature reinforcement is required at right angle to main reinforcement to minimize cracking and to tie the structure together to ensure its acting as assumed in design
  •  Top and bottom reinforcements are both effective in controlling the cracks

s(max) shall be lesser of following Analysis and Design of Slabs

  1.    5 x h             (field practice is 2 x h)
  2.   450 mm       (field practice is 2 x h)

Minimum Steel For Slabs

Same as the distribution steel Analysis and Design of Slabs

Design Procedure for One-Way Slab

  1. Check whether the slab is one-way or two-way.
  2. Calculate hmin and round it to higher 10mm multiple.
    i.Not less than 110 mm for rooms
    ii.Not less than 75 mm for sunshades.
  3. Calculate dead load acting on the slab.
    Dead Load = Load per unit area x 1m width.
  4. Calculate live load acting on the slab.
    Live load = Load per unit area x 1m width.
  5. Calculate total factored load per unit strip (kN/m)
  6. Calculate the moments either directly (simply supported) or by using coefficient for continuous slabs
  7. Calculate effective depth. Analysis and Design of Slabs
    d  = h – (20 + (½)db)
    db = 10, 13, 15 generally used
  8. Check that   d ≥ dmin
  9. Calculate As required for 1m width
  10. Calculate minimum/distribution/temperature & shrinkage steel
  11. Select diameter and spacing for main steel Analysis and Design of Slabs
  12. Check the spacing for max. and min. spacing      smin  ≈ 90mm
    if spacing is less than minimum increase the diameter of bar
  13. For continuous slabs, curtail or bent up the +ve steel. For -ve steel see how much steel is already available. Provide remaining amount of steel.
  14. Calculate the amount of distribution steel. Decide its dia. & spacing like main steel.
  15. Check the slab for shear.
    ΦvVc ≥ Vu Analysis and Design of Slabs
  16. Carry out detailing and show results on the drawings
  17. Prepare bar bending schedule, if required

Approximate Steel for Estimate


Approximate amount of steel in slab
= 0.07 kg/mm/m2
If slab thickness = 100 mm
steel = 0.07 x 100 = 7kg /m2

Example

Design a cantilever projecting out from a room slab extending 1.0m and to be used as balcony (LL = 300 kg/m2). A brick wall of 250 mm thickness including plaster of 1.0m height is provided at the end of cantilever  fc’ = 17.25 MPa,  fy = 300 MPa, Slab thickness of room = 125 mm. Slab bottom steel in the direction of cantilever is # 13 @ 190 mm c/c. Analysis and Design of Slabs

SolutionExample Example

Slab Load

Self Weight of Slab = (125/1000)*2400 = 300kg/m2
75 mm brick ballast/ screed  = (75/1000)*1800 = 135kg/m2
60 mm floor finishes  = (60/1000)*2300 = 138kg/m2
Total dead load = 300+135+138 = 573kg/m2

Live Load = 300kg/m2 Analysis and Design of Slabs

Factored Load = (1.2×573+1.6×300)x9.81/1000
= 11.46 KN/m2 = 11.46KN/m for a unit strip
P = 1.2x(0.25x1x1)x1930x9.81/1000
P = 5.65 KN Analysis and Design of SlabsExample Analysis and Design of Slabs

Remaining steel required at the top = 510-342 168mm2    (#10@400 c/c)
use #10 @ 380mm c/c

Distribution steel Analysis and Design of Slabs

=0.002x1000x125=250mm2  use # 10 @ 280mm c/c Analysis and Design of Slabs

Analysis and Design of Slabs

35 Replies to “Analysis and Design of Slabs “One Way””

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  7. Requesting for information on design of slabs, timber, retaining structures and so forth

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      Thanks

  11. sir me is ka mamber ban na chahta hu to aap mujhe full information dene ka kast kre.
    thnx
    Rahul panwar
    civil

  14. i want design of complete design of conical water tank, caliculation of crack width also.

  16. Is there any computer application and turoria for design like orion18, stapro, prokon etc i really want to know it and i need someone to teach me. thanks.

  18. how to do the bending moment calculation for multipurpose wall of one way roof slab??